What Is Eczema? – Forbes Health - Forbes

Treatment options for eczema vary depending on the severity of the condition and symptoms experienced. For mild cases, creams and ointments, such as topical corticosteroid medications that reduce inflammation, may be enough to manage symptoms.

For more severe cases that cause tremendous itching, rashes, discomfort and frequent infections, prescription medications may be necessary. These medications include topical creams and ointments, oral medications and other types of therapy, such as bleach baths and light therapy.

Common treatments for eczema include:

• Daily skin hydration using a fragrance-free ointment
• Anti-inflammatory medications
• Topical steroids, including hydrocortisone, betamethasone valerate and clobetasone butyrate
• Oral antihistamines, specifically for increased itching at night
• Mupirocin, an antibiotic used when bacterial infection is present
• Bleach baths, which involve adding a small amount of bleach to a lukewarm bath
• Ultraviolet (UV) light therapy, which involves regular sessions of exposure to UV light over several weeks under the supervision of a dermatologist and seems to reduce inflammation, although the exact mechanism is unknown

"It's important to treat eczema not just to help improve symptoms, but also [because] when the skin barrier is compromised, it can leave the skin susceptible to infection," says Dr. Garshick.

Ways to Prevent Eczema

There are several ways to minimize the risk of triggering an eczema flare or worsening an existing one, according to the ADD, including:

• Using mild soaps and avoiding harsh irritants
• Maintaining moisturized skin
• Identifying and avoiding triggers
• Wearing loose-fitting, breathable clothing
• Showering in lukewarm water instead of hot water to avoid drying out the skin

Can Eczema Be Cured?

According to both Dr. Garshick and Dr. Chacon, there's no cure for eczema—but there are ways to manage the symptoms and prevent flare-ups.

"Eczema is a chronic condition, so technically, there is no cure," explains Dr. Chacon. "However, there are treatments that are very effective in reducing the symptoms of itchy and dry skin." Dr. Chacon also emphasizes that some children may outgrow their eczema with age.